How can patient radiation exposure be reduced during CT imaging?

Using the lowest effective dose and appropriate settings during CT imaging is essential for reducing patient radiation exposure. This approach involves adjusting various parameters within the CT machine, such as the tube current (mA), voltage (kVp), and the duration of the scan. By optimizing these settings, radiologists can ensure that the necessary diagnostic information is obtained while minimizing unnecessary radiation that the patient is exposed to.

The principle of "as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA) is key in medical imaging. It encourages practitioners to use the minimal amount of radiation necessary to achieve acceptable image quality. This includes utilizing advanced techniques like dose modulation, which adjusts the radiation output based on the patient's size and the specific area being imaged, further protecting patients from excessive exposure.

In contrast, increasing the area scanned could lead to higher radiation doses, and using older imaging technology might not incorporate modern dose reduction techniques. Having patients wear lead aprons may provide some protection, but it does not effectively reduce the radiation exposure from a CT scan where the radiation comes from the internal dose rather than external sources.